|
|
Received dose analysis of the Hospital Třebíč, p.o. staff during the radiodiagnostic examinations
ŠOTKOVSKÝ, Aleš
The discovery of X-rays, made by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, was a major turning point not only in medical diagnostics but also in medical science as a whole. The discovery gave rise to a new field of medicine - radiodiagnostics. The field of radiodiagnostics has seen a rapid development, mainly since 1970s. Today, radiodiagnostic imaging methods have an indispensable place in medicine and no medical facility can possibly work without them. With the current fast development in the field of radiodiagnostics, both the extent of X-ray examinations available to patients and the number of patients examined by X-rays have multiplied. Unfortunately, this brings along a higher risk of exposing medical staff to ionizing radiation effects and associated undesirable consequences. To keep the risk at the minimum level and at the same time maintain the number and quality of examinations performed, it is necessary to strictly obey the principles of radiation protection at facilities with sources of ionizing radiation. I addition, regular inspections must be done to check if these principles are obeyed in reality. That is why the doses of ionizing radiation received by staff working at such facilities are monitored and regularly assessed. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the doses received by staff working with sources of ionizing radiation at Třebíč Hospital during the past ten years, when the hospital saw a significant increase in patients examined by radiodiagnostic imaging methods. The thesis is divided into two parts - a theoretical section and a practical section. The theoretical section is based on both domestic and foreign literature. It describes the X-ray radiation itself, its origin, properties, effects and possible use. The theoretical section also explores ways to detect the radiation and the effects it has on living cells. There is a special focus on the protection from ionizing radiation, including the relevant legislation related to this subject and the individual principles of protection. The final chapter deals with dosimetry and thus relates to the research conducted in the practical section. The practical section is based on research. The objective of the research was to analyse the values of effective doses and equivalent doses measured in staff working at the Department of Radiodiagnostics and the central operation theatres in Třebíč Hospital from 2011 to 2021. The research sample included 51 staff members working at those departments for the whole ten-year-long period. The participants were divided into categories according to their departments and their job titles. During the period all staff members were monitored by personal film dosimeters produced by VF, a.s. company. The research was based on the data measured during the period in question.
|
|
|
The development of job descriptions theatre nurses across half a century
Kalašová, Veronika ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the history of the profession operating nurses, from 1953 to the present, primarily on the development and changes in workload of operating nurses at this time period and educational possibilities. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of the theme, such as perioperative care, job descriptions of the staff in the operating theatre, operating theatre equipments et cetera. The thesis is focused on the differences development in the workload and competencies of the operating nurses throughout the entire period, and the increasing need to understand the technical equipment in the operating theatre and its operation. The aim of this thesis is to map the development in the education and legal regulation for the operating nurses. The second objective is to determine the differences in the character of the operating nurses' work nowadays and 50 years ago. Bachelor's thesis is theoretical and practical nature. To meet the goals and answer research questions was chosen the form of qualitative research, studying of archival documents and the period literature, which has been within the options complemented with structured interviews with witnesses (nurses, even. doctors, and other health care professionals). Keywords: perioperative care, operating rooms, theatre nurse,...
|
|
|
The development of job descriptions theatre nurses across half a century
Kalašová, Veronika ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the history of the profession operating nurses, from 1953 to the present, primarily on the development and changes in workload of operating nurses at this time period and educational possibilities. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of the theme, such as perioperative care, job descriptions of the staff in the operating theatre, operating theatre equipments et cetera. The thesis is focused on the differences development in the workload and competencies of the operating nurses throughout the entire period, and the increasing need to understand the technical equipment in the operating theatre and its operation. The aim of this thesis is to map the development in the education and legal regulation for the operating nurses. The second objective is to determine the differences in the character of the operating nurses' work nowadays and 50 years ago. Bachelor's thesis is theoretical and practical nature. To meet the goals and answer research questions was chosen the form of qualitative research, studying of archival documents and the period literature, which has been within the options complemented with structured interviews with witnesses (nurses, even. doctors, and other health care professionals). Keywords: perioperative care, operating rooms, theatre nurse,...
|
|
|
Educational activity of a nurse in perioperative care
FOTROVÁ, Miluše
description of work This paper is devoted to the questions of the education in operating theatres through perioperative nurses. The paper defined the objectives and research questions. Objective 1: To determine the difference in educational activities of a perioperative nurse in selected operating theatres in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG. The objective was accomplished, and the educational methods comply with the orientation of the operating theatres in the relevant departments. The respondents agree on the most used method, which is an interview. Objective 2: To determine the difference in the education through a perioperative nurse in the general and local anaesthesia. The objective was accomplished. Diversity of the education for the local anaesthesia consists primarily in the approach to a patient, where the respondents reported a closer individual contact towards an operated patient. The nurses agree on that during the local anaesthesia they interpret a detailed explanation to the patient to the following surgery in terms of nursing care, and they talk actively to the patient, and inform him throughout the whole period of the surgery process. The objectives of the paper were defined by four research questions. Question 1. What are the educational methods used through the perioperative nurses? The respondents reported unanimously the method of an interview, an explaining, a work with text - leaflets, brochures; further they indicated a photo-documentation and educational books, although they are not used in the operating theatres in questions. Question 2. What method is considered by the perioperative nurses as the most beneficial for the patient? The respondents reported unanimously the method of an interview, six of the respondents stated the work with a text - leaflets, brochures. Question 3. In what manner proceeds the education on the selected operating theatres in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG? All nine nurses consistently reported that they conduct the education in a corridor on the day of surgery. Here the acting nurse acquaints the patient with the operating theatre environment, explains and performs a nursing preparation according to the department practices, instructs the patient about his position on the operating table. Question 4. What is the difference in the education of the patient through the perioperative nurse before the surgery in general and local anaesthesia? According to the nurses´ opinion, the difference lies by the local anaesthesia in a more individual access to the patient, when the method of detailed explanation is used. The nurses talk to the patient throughout the whole performance.
|
|
|
Prevention of error in operating room
VRÁTNÁ, Martina
The topic of this study is Error Prevention in the Operating Room. The risk of errors is one of the most serious and most common risks in the clinical area. This risk is an especially serious issue mainly because it undermines the confidence of patients and the public toward medical personnel and a medical facility. It is also the opposite to the primary objective not to harm. Preventing errors is better than using the best method to respond to those faults. To preventing errors a risk management program is used, the purpose of which is to reduce the incidence of adverse situations. Such a program of risk management by J.Reason is barriers that protect patients form harm. As these protective barriers serve the following: risk management, safety culture, standards, organizational culture, knowledge-based nurse, ISO (error prevention strategies) and accreditation. In the bachelor thesis I focus on preventing errors of nurses working in operation rooms. Their duties are defined in the legislation, but also in ethical standards. The quality of nursing care can be ensured only on condition of creating a certain system for care provision improvement. Such a system must include: setting clear goals, definition of the required quality, nursing standards development, development of a system of standards compliance checking, organizational and personal factors provision, determination of methods for the obtained effect assessment. The objective of this thesis was to identify how nurses in perioperative and intensive care are oriented in procedures preventing errors in the operating room. Another objective was to determine how patients feel in the operating room and how they perceive the preoperative preparation. I chose this topic for my thesis because it is very interesting and, in my opinion, also up to date. The proof of this is establishing the hospital accreditation system and the WHO´s involvement in this issue, which has contributed to the prevention of errors in the operating room by their document named Surgical Safety Checklist. The results should point to possible gaps in the prevention of errors of nurses in operating rooms. They should show the feelings of patients during the preoperative preparation and in the operating room and to which extent their feelings can be affected by professional attitudes of medical staff.
|
guest ::
